Blumenthal & Senate Judiciary Committee Democrats File Freedom of Information Act Request to Compel Release of Kavanaugh Documents

[WASHINGTON, DC] – In the absence of action by Senate Judiciary Committee Republicans to seek the full scope of documents necessary to properly consider Supreme Court nominee Judge Brett Kavanaugh, U.S. Senator Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) and every Democratic member of the Senate Judiciary Committee filed several Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests today to compel the release of all records involving Brett Kavanaugh during his time as an associate in the White House Counsel’s office and as White House Staff Secretary. The requests were submitted to the National Archives, the Department of Justice, the Department of Homeland Security, and the Central Intelligence Agency.

In addition to Blumenthal, the FOIA requests were submitted by U.S. Senator Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), Ranking Member of the Senate Judiciary Committee, and U.S. Senators Patrick Leahy (D-VT), Dick Durbin (D-IL), Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI), Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), Chris Coons (D-DE), Mazie K. Hirono (D-HI), Cory A. Booker (D-NJ), and Kamala Harris (D-CA).

“This extraordinary step is a last resort— unprecedented and unfortunate but necessary to fully and fairly review Judge Kavanaugh’s nomination. I regret that Chairman Grassley has left us with no other choice. We need these documents to do our job. They reflect and reveal a critical period in Judge Kavanaugh’s professional background that we have a constitutional duty to assess. Chairman Grassley’s actions bar access to information that is our obligation and right to review,” Blumenthal said. “Never before has the minority party been forced to use the Freedom of Information Act to access vital information about a Supreme Court nominee. But there is too much at stake to accept anything less than a complete picture of Judge Kavanaugh’s background.”

“While I remain hopeful the Archivist will reverse course and provide the documents we’ve requested, I’m joining this additional request for documents under the Freedom of Information Act because it may be the only way to get the records we need to fully vet Brett Kavanaugh’s nomination,” said Feinstein. “It’s unacceptable for the Senate to consider someone for the Supreme Court without reviewing that individual’s full record. If the Trump administration and Bush lawyers have access to all Kavanaugh documents, the Senate and the American people should as well.”

“I have been here for 19 Supreme Court nominations. Yet I’ve never seen the Senate forced to rely on FOIA to fulfill its constitutional duty of providing advice and informed consent to a President’s nominee. But Senate Republicans’ shortsighted decision to turn a blind eye on three controversial and formative years of Judge Kavanaugh’s career leaves us no choice. The American people deserve to know the unvarnished truth about a nominee who, if confirmed, will shape their lives for a generation or longer. Transparency shouldn’t be a partisan issue,” Leahy said. “But if Senate Republicans insist on keeping the American people in the dark about Judge Kavanaugh, it falls upon Democratic senators to use every tool at our disposal, including FOIA, to shine a light on his record.”

“The American people expect the Senate Judiciary Committee to carefully review Judge Kavanaugh’s complete record before considering approving him for a lifetime appointment to the highest court in the nation,” said Durbin. “The refusal by Senate Republicans to even follow their own rules on disclosure of critical documents reflecting Judge Kavanaugh’s views, character, and temperament raises serious questions about concealment. The people of this nation deserve honesty and transparency in filling this historic vacancy on the Supreme Court, and that is what our request today is aiming to accomplish.”

“When Democratic senators have to resort to a government transparency statute to get the information needed to carry out our constitutional advice-and-consent duties, it means that Republican senators really don't want Americans to see what's in Kavanaugh’s files,” said Whitehouse. “As he proved with his brazen blockade of President Obama's nominee, Merrick Garland, Senator McConnell will trash the rulebook to get his guy on the court.”

“The next member of the Supreme Court will make decisions that will affect the lives of people across the country, potentially determining whether health insurers can deny coverage to people who are sick or have a pre-existing condition and whether women’s rights are protected,” said Klobuchar. “The American people deserve to have all the facts, and that means the Senate must be able to thoroughly review his record and have the full range of documents available to examine.”

“No Senator should vote on a Supreme Court nominee without reviewing his or her full record. This should not be a partisan issue,” said Coons. “I’m disappointed that Republicans are standing in the way of basic transparency about a nominee for a lifetime position on our highest court. There is no good reason for it, and it undermines our institutions.”

“Chairman Grassley's shameful, partisan decision to keep us from examining Brett Kavanaugh's full record leaves us with no alternative but to make a Freedom of Information Act request for the release of the same types of materials that were released for past nominees. The U.S. Senate and the American people deserve to see what Judge Kavanaugh wrote and said about important policy matters, including torture, health care, reproductive rights, environmental regulation, workers’ rights, and more while he served as George W. Bush’s right hand man,” said Hirono.

“As members of the Senate’s Judiciary Committee, we have a constitutional duty to provide the American public with a full understanding of Judge Kavanaugh’s background, judicial philosophy, and fitness to serve on our nation’s highest court,” Booker said. “That means full and transparent access to all of his records from his time in the Bush White House, not simply the ones that have been cherry picked by Republican operatives. This has been standard operating procedure for all Supreme Court nominations. Judge Kavanaugh has said himself how formative his time as White House staff secretary was – it logically follows that records from that time should be part of the public record. Anything less is pure partisan obstruction.”

In a break with long-held norms, Chairman Grassley struck a deal to allow Republican lawyers to pre-screen Kavanaugh’s White House documents.

Chairman Grassley then sent a severely limited request to the National Archives for a small portion of Kavanaugh’s documents and refused to request documents that would shed light on Kavanaugh’s entire record as a White House operative. Not only did Republicans on the Judiciary Committee refuse to request a single document from Kavanaugh’s tenure as White House Staff Secretary, they also narrowed the scope of the request for documents from his tenure in the White House Counsel’s office.

Finally, when Democrats sent their own request, Republicans worked to block access by encouraging the National Archives to ignore the inquiry.

The text of the Senators’ FOIA request to the National Archives is copied below. Similar requests were sent to the George W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum; the Department of Justice’s Office of Legal Counsel, National Security Division, and Criminal Division; the Department of Homeland Security’s Office of Intelligence and Analysis, National Protection and Programs Directorate, and Office of Civil Rights and Civil Liberties; and the Central Intelligence Agency.

August 8, 2018 

Mr. Gary M. Stern

General Counsel and Chief FOIA Officer
National Archives and Records Administration
8601 Adelphi Road

Room 3110
College Park, Maryland 20740-6001

Dear Mr. Stern,

Pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), 5 U.S.C. § 552, and the National Archives and Records Administration’s FOIA regulations, 36 C.F.R. §§ 1250 et seq., we hereby request that you produce the following records involving Brett Kavanaugh during his time as an associate in the White House Counsel’s office from January 2001 to July 2003 and as White House Staff Secretary from July 2003 to May 2006.

Requested Records

We request that the National Archives and Records Administration produce the following records:

1. Records from Mr. Kavanaugh’s service as a Senior Associate Counsel to the President, including all records preserved in his staff files, and those records created by Mr. Kavanaugh that can readily be found in the files of other White House staff members, the White House Counsel’s Office files, other White House offices’ files, and the Subject Matter Files maintained by the Staff Secretary and/or the White House Office of Records Management;
2. Records from Mr. Kavanaugh’s service as Assistant to the President and Staff Secretary, including all records preserved in his staff files, and those records created by Mr. Kavanaugh that can readily be found in the files of other White House staff members, the White House Counsel’s Office files, other White House offices’ files, and the Subject Matter Files maintained by the Staff Secretary and/or the White House Office of Records Management;
3. Records relating to Mr. Kavanaugh’s nomination to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit;
4. All electronic mail to, from, carbon copying (cc’ing), or blind carbon copying (bcc’ing) Mr. Kavanaugh in his White House tenure, including any documents attached to such emails;
5. To the extent they are not included in response to categories (1) through (4), all records containing documents written by, edited by, prepared in whole or part by, under the supervision of, or at the direction of Mr. Kavanaugh, as well as documents referencing Mr. Kavanaugh by name, initials, or title, and documents received by or sent to him.

As you know, the Presidential Records Act requires that Presidential records of former Presidents be made available to Congress. 44 U.S.C. § 2205(2)(C).

Further, FOIA requires that agencies disclose records to Congress that it may otherwise legitimately withhold from the public. 5 U.S.C. § 552(d). As the D.C. Circuit has explained, “all Members have a constitutionally recognized status entitling them to share in general congressional powers and responsibilities, many of them requiring access to executive information,” and therefore “it would be an inappropriate intrusion into the legislative sphere” for the court to decide that only Congress acting as a whole or only a committee or chairman “shall be regarded as the official voice of Congress.” Murphy v. Department of Army, 613 F.2d 1151, 1157 (D.C. Cir. 1979). Indeed, the court in that case emphasized that each member of Congress “participates in the law-making process; each has a voice and a vote in that process; and each is entitled to request such information from the executive agencies as will enable him to carry out the responsibilities of a legislator.” Id.

In order to fulfill our constitutional duty to advise the President on the nomination of Mr. Kavanaugh as members of the United States Senate, we need access to the records requested herein. Therefore, we expect that any withholdings that your agency might apply to an ordinary request will be waived when disclosing records in response to our request, pursuant to both 5 U.S.C. § 552(d) and 44 U.S.C. § 2205(2)(C).

If it is your position that any of the requested documents are exempted from disclosure requirements, we request that you provide a Vaughn index as required by Vaughn v. Rosen, 484 F. 2d 820 (D.C. Cir. 1973); see also Roth v. U.S. Dept. of Justice, 642 F. 3d 1161, 1185 (D.C. Cir. 2011) (“Under our case law, agencies invoking a FOIA exemption must provide a specific, detailed explanation of why the exemption applies to the withheld materials.”). As you know, agencies are also required under FOIA to release “any reasonably segregable portions” of documents that may be partially exempt and to then prepare “an index relating any withheld portions to specific FOIA exemptions.” Lykins v. U.S. Dept. of Justice, 725 F.2d 1455, 1466 (D.C. Cir. 1984).

Where possible, please provide responsive material in electronic format by email at Sam_Simon@judiciary-dem.senate.gov. Please send any responsive material being sent by mail to Richard Blumenthal, 706 Hart Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C. 20510.

Request for Expedited Processing

Given the recent announcement regarding Mr. Kavanaugh’s nomination to the Supreme Court, we request expedited processing of this request pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(6)(E)(ii)(I) and 36 C.F.R. § 1250.28(a)(4). In support of this request, we certify that, to the best of our knowledge and belief, it is true and correct that the records requested are required to address exceptional media interest involving possible questions about the government’s integrity that affect public confidence.

As you know, the Senate is in the process of examining Mr. Kavanaugh’s record as part of its constitutional duty to provide advice and consent on his nomination. The media has been covering the nomination process with vigor and concern over remarks made by the nominee of questionable veracity,[1] criticism that he is a “highly conservative, partisan lawyer,”[2] the fact that he was ‘pre-vetted’ by the Federalist Society, an extreme right-wing organization,[3] and the troubling trail of dark money spenders supporting his nomination.[4] Mr. Kavanaugh spent five years as a high-ranking official in the George W. Bush Administration and media outlets from around the country have expressed widespread and exceptional interest in the records pertaining to his time there, as the public is rightfully concerned about the professional background of a nominee for a lifetime appointment on the nation’s highest court.[5] Various media outlets have also expressed particular concern about what role Mr. Kavanaugh played in the Bush Administration’s policies surrounding torture and detention as well as his misleading responses to Sen. Durbin’s and Sen. Leahy’s questions on that very topic during his confirmation to the D.C. Circuit.[6]

The consideration of a nominee to a lifetime appointment on the Supreme Court without the ability to fully assess his professional background, his honesty, and the extent of his involvement in the development of a torture policy directly implicates the public’s confidence in government and the integrity of the White House, the Senate, and the Supreme Court. This widespread media interest highlights the threats to public confidence in government posed by a confirmation process conducted in the dark. This request is therefore entitled to expedited processing pursuant to 36 C.F.R. § 1250.28(a)(4).

We expect a decision regarding our request for expedited processing within 10 calendar days, as required by 36 C.F.R. § 1250.28(d).

Request for Fee Waiver

Pursuant to 5 U.S.C. § 552(a)(4)(A)(iii) and 36 C.F.R. § 1250.56(a)(1)-(2), we request a waiver of all fees associated with processing this records request. Disclosure of the records we request is in the public interest because, for the reasons stated above, they are likely to contribute significantly to public understanding of government operations and activities surrounding both Mr. Kavanaugh’s role in the Bush Administration and more broadly in the process of Mr. Kavanaugh’s confirmation hearings.

Disclosure of these records is in no way associated with any commercial interest of ours. Rather, we are requesting these documents to fulfill our constitutional duties as Senators, which require us to have a full and complete understanding of Mr. Kavanaugh’s record, including his prior time in government. We are therefore entitled to a fee waiver.

Conclusion

We look forward to working with the National Archives and Records Administration to ensure the timely and exhaustive disclosure of all non-exempt records responsive to this request. If you have any questions about this request, please contact Sam Simon at Sam_Simon@judiciary-dem.senate.gov. If our request for a fee waiver is denied in part or in full, please contact us immediately upon making such a determination.